Ccontemporary Epistemological Research in Education Essay

Theoretical. In this article the writers challenge contemporary epistemological exploration inside instructive settings. After a compromise of the current models which treat epistemological convictions as static and mechanical, the creators present an encouraging encounter to represent their enactivist see that epistemological convictions ought to be conceptualized as liquid and dynamic builds, developing in web-like setups. Answers to epistemological inquiries unfurl inside the interstices and common collaborations among individuals and their condition. Limits between studentâ€teacher, individualâ€community, cognitionâ€bodily experience are getting obscured. From this enactivist point of view the researcher’s job changes significantly. Rather than deciding teachers’ individual attributes and epistemological make-up, the scientist ought to sharpen educators to the inconspicuous ways epistemological convictions are enmeshed inside their everyday expert lives, concentrating on the mind boggling texture of the instructing practice. Watchwords: contemporary epistemological examination, instruction, enactivism, lived encounters, individual epistemology. We practice data, however perform meaning. Data resembles the snare of connections in a wire fence; Meaning resembles the course of waves on a mountain stream. Precipice Crego (2002)  © 2002 picture-sonnets. com THEORY and PSYCHOLOGY Copyright  © 2008 Sage Publications. VOL. 18(1): 27â€45 DOI: 10. 1177/0959354307086921 http://tap. sagepub. com Downloaded from http://tap. sagepub. com at Universiteit Maastricht on August 6, 2008  © 2008 SAGE Publications. All rights saved. Not for business use or unapproved dispersion. 28. Hypothesis and PSYCHOLOGY 18(1) What is the genuine idea of information, and how does an individual come to know? These inquiries previously got subject of mental examination in the late 1960s through the fundamental work of Perry (1968). Today, these inquiries are concentrated under the umbrella of examination on close to home epistemology (Hofer and Pintrich, 2002). Individual epistemology has come to be viewed as the shared factor for research done inside this field and as a term implying singular originations of information and knowing. These originations are alluded to by numerous dissimilar names, of which the most usually utilized term is ‘epistemological belief’. Different names are: epistemological stance, epistemological asset, and methods of knowing (Niessen, Vermunt, Abma, Widdershoven, and van der Vleuten, 2004). Since the term ‘(epistemological) belief’ is now more comprehensively utilized inside (instructive) brain science and hence simple to connect with, we will utilize this term all through the article when alluding to issues of information and knowing. Inside this article we give a subjective mental and an enactivist record of epistemological convictions and guarantee that the contrasts between both are eventually reflected in Crego’s qualification between the practicing of data and performing of significance. We will apply the enactivist point of view to a meeting section to empower further comprehension of educating practice. The use of the enactivist record to this case has the character of a hermeneutic circle. This implies the enactivist account furnishes us with a foundation see that empowers us to comprehend teachers’ encounters all the more completely. Simultaneously, the procedure of utilization is likewise an act of opening up and being gotten by new experiences while deciphering. These experiences may change our epistemological point of view. This examination is a piece of a bigger continuous examination to comprehend the marvel of obstruction by instructors to a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) condition utilizing the epistemological point of view as our interpretive system. PBL, so, is an instructional strategy that, in spite of frontal educating, decides not to teach understudies legitimately, yet to encourage the procedure wherein understudies themselves and as a team with one another become familiar with the important information and abilities by chipping away at genuine issues. The job of the instructor is vital to the accomplishment of this strategy. This is the reason the model utilized all through this article features an instructor (Josie) who is arranged inside a PBL course. In the accompanying we will initially introduce the section taken from the meeting with Josie. In this section she discusses her battle to present a gathering of new staff individuals to ProblemBased Learning. We will likewise give a more inside and out semantic, methodological, and ontological portrayal to contemporary epistemological exploration. At last the forms of the enactivist point of view will be attracted more detail. Josie’s Case Interviewer (I): How might you depict yourself as a mentor? Josie (J): I generally attempt to get the gathering amped up for PBL. Downloaded from http://tap. sagepub. com at Universiteit Maastricht on August 6, 2008  © 2008 SAGE Publications. All rights saved. Not for business use or unapproved circulation. NIESSEN ET AL.: EPISTEMOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN EDUCATION 29 I: How would you do that? J: By attempting to get everyone included. Simultaneously, this is an expected entanglement. For example, in an instructional meeting a week ago there was a gathering of understudy coaches and this gathering was actually quite basic, since they had gone to other PBL courses. That was the point at which I wound up attempting to make more structureâ€that’s where I felt insufficient, in light of the fact that there were such a large number of individuals with so much experience. In these occasions it’s critical to offer understudies rules and structure. You ought to have the option to go astray from this structureâ€but just in those situations when it’s conceivable. A few educators see this plainly. By and by, I will in general make structure along with the groupâ€on the spot. With certain gatherings this turns out to be okay and with different gatherings it would have been exceptional on the off chance that I had given an unmistakable structure from the beginning. We would have come further. I: Students get eager? J: No, truly, well, there’s a lot of information and too scarcely any ends. I think that’s a significant thing in PBLâ€it’s a significant issue that again and again, perhaps, no real end is reached. That’s truly what I believe is most likely my own deficiency, something that as an understudy I suspected was absent in the framework. That structureâ€the system in which you work. I: What does this system look likeâ€what is it made of? Do you know what I mean? J: An interfacing string. I: You state that from one viewpoint you’re attempting to discover this string â€and you need to associate it with the encounters of the participantsâ€but that’s troublesome in light of the fact that their encounters are so assorted and a typical subject is difficult to observe. J: Well, perhaps that’s in light of the fact that there just isn’t one single string and on the grounds that PBL depends on the suspicion that the accessible information is relative. So you can't state there’s one single answer for a specific issue. Interestingly, you are moving in the direction of an answer. Josie (a nom de plume) a lesser instructor mentor at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. She was one out of a gathering of 10 educator coaches and 9 new staff individuals from Maastricht University in the Netherlands who were met about their encounters with PBL, their interests and uncertain issues. The members we met originated from various divisions of Maastricht University and contrasted extensively in involvement in PBL, general mentality towards instructing, general showing experience, and sentiment about the estimation of PBL for understudy learning. In spite of the checked contrasts in foundation and experience among the interviewees, Josie was by all account not the only one who introduced a complex and multilayered experience. Taking a gander at other participants’ everyday showing encounters, we likewise experienced changed and multilayered stories. This wonder is neither bizarre nor new. Studies by Perry (1968) and Lyons (1990), yet additionally more as of late from Phillion and Connelly (2004), give us that when scientists direct their concentration toward real showing encounters, the introduced image of educating and epistemological convictions is progressively finished and complex. The Downloaded from http://tap. sagepub. com at Universiteit Maastricht on August 6, 2008  © 2008 SAGE Publications. All rights held. Not for business use or unapproved dissemination. 30 THEORY and PSYCHOLOGY 18(1) determination of this specific section has been guided by the possibility to gain from it about the job of epistemological convictions in instructing. As indicated by Stake (1994), ‘the potential for learning is an alternate and some of the time better rule than representativeness’ (p. 243). The section shows how Josie is battling with the inquiry: ‘How do these understudies come to know? ’ In the meeting, Josie as an instructor coach discusses her thoughts and goals of understudy association inside her courses. She says that in certain circumstances she thinks that its hard to understand these beliefs. She alludes to her endeavors to structure bunch meetings. She feels that so as to do as such, she needs to create ‘a interfacing thread’ that will empower the gathering to accomplish a feeling of conclusion. This representation pleasantly delineates Josie’s account way to deal with instructing. She will probably grow, all together, a storyline with a start, center, and a closure. She expects this mutually evolved plot will empower the gathering to close the meeting in an agreeable manner. Josie’s thoughts and technique certainly describe her epistemological way to deal with one of the key inquiries in epistemology: ‘How does an individual come to know? ’, or ‘How should this gathering of understudies come to know? ’ We can see an answer rising up out of the encounter between her standards, her mental self portrait

Whales in Captivity Free Essays

Executioner Whales Deserve Freedom Kimberly Hall COM 155 November 27, 2011 Mara Galvez Killer Whales Deserve Freedom Orcas are mind boggling social animals meriting opportunity and regard, not bondage in amusement stops under the appearance of state funded training and diversion. Aquarium staffs state hostage whales are invaluable instructive apparatuses. Be that as it may, individuals can instruct their youngsters by carrying them to the wild as opposed to carrying the wild to them to the detriment of the Orcas wellbeing and prosperity. We will compose a custom exposition test on Whales in Captivity or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now The cost of a family affirmation ticket is the thing that keeps on driving this barbarous spectacle,† as indicated by Michael O’ Sullivan, the Executive Director of The Humane Society of Canada (Whales in Captivity, 2010, Para. 3). Orcas endure from multiple points of view in imprisonment, and are dependent upon numerous unpleasant circumstances they could never experience in nature. Bondage changes their psychological state as well as their physical appearance. One of the most notable physical impacts of bondage is dorsal balance disfiguration. In the hostage populace, pretty much every male has a tumbled dorsal blade, and most females have probably some twist to their dorsal. In the wild, male dorsal balances can surpass statures of six feet straight up. The best hypothesis is that the dorsal balance flops from the power of gravity. Dorsal balances are made of ligament, not bone. Orcas are probably the quickest vertebrate in the ocean; they can arrive at speeds up to 30 miles for every hour. Orcas can plunge submerged to profundities of near 200 feet. When jumping, the animal’s pulse eases back from 60 beats for every moment to 30 beats for each moment. In the interim, oxygen-diverting blood redirects from the furthest points, and afterward explores toward the heart, lungs, and mind, where there is more oxygen required. These natural changes grant the creature to save oxygen while lowered for longer timeframes (About Orcas †Physical Characteristics, 2005). In the wild Orcas have support from the water, keeping their dorsal erect. In imprisonment, Orcas are at the surface continually for taking care of, preparing, and petting purposes, and swim just around and around so there is almost no dorsal help, in this manner causing the dorsal to tumble [ (Bohn, 2011) ]. Orcas in bondage experience the ill effects of something beyond physical blemishes. Dosed with medications to help the executioner whales manage pressure, they endure awfully in marine parks. Creatures and people share a similar safe framework. Similarly as stress lessens our invulnerable framework, it does likewise to the executioner whale. In this way, stress has been a roundabout reason for death in hostage executioner whales. Executioner whales in imprisonment encountering pressure will in general beat their head against the dividers of their tanks until it drains. In any event three hostage whales have slaughtered themselves with this dreary movement welcomed on by pressure. Have you at any point known about this event in nature? Not exclusively does it not occur, an Orca in the wild could failing to bring real damage upon itself. Disavowal of their entitlement to live in their actual living space where they have a place causes the executioner whales a lot of pressure, dissatisfaction, tension, and tragically animosity. In the wild Orcas, don't assault people as they have in marine parks. As Barry (2010, Para, 12) clarified, â€Å"Isolation among marine creatures is exceptionally unpleasant, which prompts irregular conduct. † Marine stops, for example, Sea World have what they call petting units, where the youngsters can pet and feed the Orcas. Orcas are offered sedatives to assist them with managing the pressure and uneasiness of human contact. Individuals probably won't be so anxious to pet these wild vertebrates in the event that they knew everything the Orca needed to experience to make sure they could pet them for a moment or two. (Smith, 2010) Along with the pressure of living in a marine park, Orcas experience the ill effects of their relatives. In the wild Orcas travel with their family (cases) that go somewhere in the range of five to 25 relatives (Orcas). Orcas families are affectionate. They generally travel in units that incorporate their folks, grandparents, kids, and so on. Removing the Orca from their family causes them much pressure, uneasiness, and melancholy. In the wild, their posterity remain with them and travel with them. Orcas, related by blood, stay together for the length of their lives. In imprisonment, the aquarium staff evacuates their posterity (calves) from them at a youthful age. For Orcas, known to be the one warm blooded animal that is nearest to mankind to the extent family, emotions, and social practices, it is comparable to an individual expelled from their family to never observe them again, to never address them again. Smith, 2010) In the wild, Orcas have steady correspondence with their units (family). To speak with their pods (family) in the wild Orcas use echolocation. Mandell (2010) depicts echolocation as, â€Å"The procedure of moving air between the sinuses in their minds to make piercing sound (p. 2). The vibrations travel submerged until they experience articles and afterward bounce back making discernible tones the wha les use for route. Their sound waves go so far that they never return to the Orca who sent it. What returns is the voice (sound influxes) of another Orca (relative). In imprisonment, these piercing sounds can just head out to the mass of the tank and bob back. In this way, causing the sound (the Orcas own voice) to ricochet to and fro more than once which in time can make an amazing whale crazy. It is equal to keeping a human in a room, in lone, who is continually hearing voices. Being detached in a little tank (roughly the size of two Orcas), sprinkling observers with your tail, and doing stunts a few times each day for a considerable length of time would make any species go insane. I concur that viewing wonderful Orcas performing stunts with a human mentor isn't instructive. Tragically, watching one snap and execute a mentor is instructive, yet just if the exercise changes the psyches and activities of its captors. Orcas are mind boggling social animals meriting opportunity and regard. There are as of now 42 executioner whales in imprisonment around the world. Out of the 194 executioner whales in imprisonment since 1964, 66% kicked the bucket inside 10 years, and under 30 endure longer than 20 years in bondage [ (Mandell, 2010) ]. To keep them in imprisonment masked under training and diversion is simply merciless and uncommon treatment. They endure truly, socially and intellectually. Bondage is progressively unfavorable to the government assistance of the Orca than the wild would ever be. Watching Orcas in their characteristic natural surroundings is undeniably more instructive than watching them perform deceives in a marine park. [ (Santich, 2010) ] OR [ (Orlando, 2011) ] YOU DECIDE References About Orcas †Physical Characteristics. (2005). Recovered December 7, 2011, from orca-zone: http://www. orca-zone. com/aboutorcas/list. html Barry, J. (2010, August 26). Executioner is prized, dreaded, focused on: Life won’t change much for Tilikum, the orca that suffocated a mentor at Seaworld. St Petersburg Times . St Petersburg, FL, United States. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/docview/264384772/1338068E48F8B67489/1? accountid=35812 Bohn, G. (2011, November 28). Executioner whales and imprisonment; What danger, assuming any, does life in the aquarium bubble posture to the wellbeing of these monster ocean warm blooded creatures. The Edmonton Journal . Edmonton, Alta, Canada. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/docview/251763683/133805C5287EFA914D/1? accountid=35812 Mandell, M. (2010, June 29). Short history on executioner whales. Bergen County, N. J, United States. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com/docview/365980652? accountid=35812 Orlando, S. W. Orca Collapsed Dorsal Fin. (picture). Hostage orcas. Ocean World Orlando, Orlando. Recovered from http://pediaview. com/openpedia/Captive_orcas Santich, K. Free Willy? Protectionists state this is the means by which orcas should live †in nature. SeaWorld disaster †a token of why orcas should swim free? Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society. (picture) Retrieved from http://web journals. orlandosentinel. om/changetheworld/2010/02/a-shocking token of-why-executioner whales-ought not-live-at-marine-parks. html/orcinus_orca_5 Smith, J. (2010, June 11). Hostage Killer Whales. The Ecologist . Joined Kingdom. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/docview/234920905/1338063BFFA6E62ABF8/1? accountid=35812 Whales in Captivity †Spectacularly Cruel †says Humane Society of Canada . (2010, July 1). The Canada Newswire . Ottawa, British Columbia, Canada. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/docview/455947023/133806FC22464623DC8/6? accountid=35812 The most effective method to refer to Whales in Captivity, Essay models

Cooking Method free essay sample

Presentation In this task I will find out around a couple of sorts of cooking strategy and expressions of the human experience of flavoring and seasoning. There are two significant sorts of cooking strategy which is Moist Heat Method and Dry Heat Method. We will compose a custom exposition test on Cooking Method or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Wet Heat Method alludes to a strategy that include of fluid in preparing nourishment. This procedure relies upon whether it is steam, water, stock, wine or some other fluid. The temperature for this sort of strategy is a lot of lower in the middle of 60Â °C to 100Â °C. There are a few kinds of cooking strategy that have been recorded under Moist Heat Method which are poaching, stewing, bubbling, steaming, braising, and stewing. In the interim, Dry Heat Method alludes to any sort of cooking strategy where the warmth is moved to the nourishment without utilizing any dampness. This strategy as a rule includes high temperature of 150Â °C or more blazing than that. Cooking, preparing, barbecuing, searing, sautéing, sauteing, and profound browning are case of Dry Heat Method. Besides, there are a couple of sort of cooking procedure that includes Moist Heat and Dry Heat Method. This sort of procedure may start with Moist warmth Method and followed by Dry Heat Method. For instance braising and stewing. These two procedures include the blend of both cooking strategy. For the subsequent inquiry, I will find out about human expressions of flavoring and enhancing. Flavoring can upgrade the normal taste of most nourishments without changing the first flavor. Salt is the fundamental flavoring specialist in the culinary expressions. Herbs and flavors likewise remember for flavoring. Meanwhile, enhancing is added to the nourishment to alter the first kind of the nourishment. Enhancing is a substance that we utilized in adjusting the nourishment making it give a sweet, sharp, or tart taste. End What I have discovered from this task is there are a couple of kinds of cooking strategy. For instance like Moist Heat Method. In this sort of procedure I have taken in a couple of fundamental cooking aptitudes which are poaching, stewing, bubbling, steaming, braising, and stewing. The strategy that has been utilized in this sort of cooking technique is generally the equivalent. From what I know, Moist Heat Method will include fluid either water, stock or different sorts of fluid. In the interim for Dry Heat Method, I have discovered that this sort of cooking technique is no dampness was engaged with cooking process. We additionally utilized high temperature in this technique. A couple of fundamental cooking aptitudes that pre-owned Dry Heat Method are simmering, preparing, flame broiling, searing, sautéing, sauteing, and profound fricasseeing. What's more, the greater part of the cooking strategies have a comparative procedure. Additionally, I have discovered that there are scarcely any strategy of cooking process that include in the mix of Moist Heat and Dry Heat Method. In this procedure, we should prepare the nourishment by utilizing the Moist Heat Method at that point followed by Dry Heat Method. Other than that, the tedious in preparing nourishment by utilizing this strategy is any longer instead of other method and it can take around 5 to 6 hours to finish the cooking procedure. Other than that, I have discovered that the nourishment that isn't cooked in the correct manners will lose its supplements. Other than that, we can improve the amount and nature of supplements of the nourishment in the event that we utilized the right cooking technique. For expressions of the human experience of flavoring and enhancing, I have discovered that flavoring and seasoning is significant in improving the nature of the flavor of nourishment that we cooked. The flavoring that we utilized is to help up the flavor of the nourishment without changing its unique flavor. Then, for seasoning we utilized it to give an alternate flavor to the nourishment and totally enhancing is utilized to change the first kind of the nourishment.

The HIPAA Privacy Standards Research Paper - 1375 Words

The HIPAA Privacy Standards (Research Paper Sample) Content: The HIPAA Privacy StandardsStudents NameInstitutionThe health insurance portability and accountability (HIPAA) act was enacted by the US congress accented to by Bill Clinton in 1996. The main aim of this insurance cover was to protect workers and families when they change or lose their job. Therefore, this research paper will focus on the enforcement of this Act so that it effectively benefits the United States citizens.There are certain procedures that an individual is required to follow such as HIPAA in order to get access own medical records from a covered entity. HIPAA in this case maintains health records of those people who are under its protection. If a covered individuals wants to access, his or her medical records there are laid down procedures to follow which are under the HIPAA privacy regulations. It is exceedingly clear that individuals under the cover access to medical records apply if only the information in the medical records is within the defined p rotected health information. Under the act, health information is extensively defined.However, consumers under the act have access to their health records if there is health to identify them individuals. Covered individuals under this HIPAA privacy regulation are required to abide to stated deadlines for responding to requests for medical records. There are also established procedures to review denials of these requests. Protected health procedures are given in writing. In the sense of a denial to its access, an individual under the cover has a right to file a complaint with the health human services office of civil rights in the United States. Therefore, affections of individuals to access protected health information about them under the HIPAA privacy rule (/ocr/privacy/, 2012).In case, an individual feels that his or someone else rights were violated they have a right to file a complaint with the health rights department. The complaints go direct to this department where they inv estigate it against a number of different entities. These entities include the following, pharmacy chain, outstanding medical centers, hospital chains, group of health plans and small offices providers. The complaints must meet the following. Filled in writing, bear the name of a covered entity as well as descriptions of the acts believed to have been violated. Finally, it should be filled within a span of 180 days although with a good cause the deadline can extendIn case of a breach of unsecured protected health, information, notifications of such a breach has to be provided to the affected individuals by the covered entities. In addition, it is the business associates duty to notify covered entities of a breach occurrence. In such a case, individual notices are written by first class mail or Incase covered entity has a problem out of date contact it posts the notice in the home page of its website. Covered entities other times provide notice broadcast or serious prints in the resi ding areas of the affected individuals. Press release notifications are for affected individuals exceeding 500 people although the secretary of breaches has to notify first. Notification to the secretary has to be done by filling a breach report from the HHS web site and sending it electronically. These notices provide protection information and the steps the covered entity has taken to curb the problem.When OCR finds out that, evidence of violations it accepts a complaint for investigation. OCR then informs the covered entity whose name appears in the complaint form together with the person who filled it. These two parties are required to present information on the described problem and accident details. OCR may also request for information in order to get a clear underst... The HIPAA Privacy Standards Research Paper - 1375 Words The HIPAA Privacy Standards (Research Paper Sample) Content: The HIPAA Privacy StandardsStudents NameInstitutionThe health insurance portability and accountability (HIPAA) act was enacted by the US congress accented to by Bill Clinton in 1996. The main aim of this insurance cover was to protect workers and families when they change or lose their job. Therefore, this research paper will focus on the enforcement of this Act so that it effectively benefits the United States citizens.There are certain procedures that an individual is required to follow such as HIPAA in order to get access own medical records from a covered entity. HIPAA in this case maintains health records of those people who are under its protection. If a covered individuals wants to access, his or her medical records there are laid down procedures to follow which are under the HIPAA privacy regulations. It is exceedingly clear that individuals under the cover access to medical records apply if only the information in the medical records is within the defined p rotected health information. Under the act, health information is extensively defined.However, consumers under the act have access to their health records if there is health to identify them individuals. Covered individuals under this HIPAA privacy regulation are required to abide to stated deadlines for responding to requests for medical records. There are also established procedures to review denials of these requests. Protected health procedures are given in writing. In the sense of a denial to its access, an individual under the cover has a right to file a complaint with the health human services office of civil rights in the United States. Therefore, affections of individuals to access protected health information about them under the HIPAA privacy rule (/ocr/privacy/, 2012).In case, an individual feels that his or someone else rights were violated they have a right to file a complaint with the health rights department. The complaints go direct to this department where they inv estigate it against a number of different entities. These entities include the following, pharmacy chain, outstanding medical centers, hospital chains, group of health plans and small offices providers. The complaints must meet the following. Filled in writing, bear the name of a covered entity as well as descriptions of the acts believed to have been violated. Finally, it should be filled within a span of 180 days although with a good cause the deadline can extendIn case of a breach of unsecured protected health, information, notifications of such a breach has to be provided to the affected individuals by the covered entities. In addition, it is the business associates duty to notify covered entities of a breach occurrence. In such a case, individual notices are written by first class mail or Incase covered entity has a problem out of date contact it posts the notice in the home page of its website. Covered entities other times provide notice broadcast or serious prints in the resi ding areas of the affected individuals. Press release notifications are for affected individuals exceeding 500 people although the secretary of breaches has to notify first. Notification to the secretary has to be done by filling a breach report from the HHS web site and sending it electronically. These notices provide protection information and the steps the covered entity has taken to curb the problem.When OCR finds out that, evidence of violations it accepts a complaint for investigation. OCR then informs the covered entity whose name appears in the complaint form together with the person who filled it. These two parties are required to present information on the described problem and accident details. OCR may also request for information in order to get a clear underst...

Freedom From Disturbance, Quiet And Tranquility - 1345 Words

Peace Commonwealth Essay Dominic Jackson Peace. In these troubled times it seems that the only things to look back on are demonstrations of either conflict, progress or both, and the only thing to hope for is peace. Defined by the vastly clichà ©d Oxford Dictionary as â€Å"freedom from disturbance; quiet and tranquility†, peace’ has become taboo in our modern culture, as if the uttering of the word is naive and childish, which, for the more cynical among us, it is. Though we are in an age unparalleled by any other in terms of health, education, human rights, and general safety, media output has increased dramatically to cover the (relatively few) incidents that occur, and with telecommunications at an incredibly advanced state, news sure†¦show more content†¦Almost all progress is caused by conflict!† And they are absolutely right. Even in more recent times, war has uncovered amazing advancements, like the more portable and sophisticated X-Ray machines, which have saved many lives, or the humb le Twinkie. There are many more examples. However, the fact is that we have advanced beyond the point where fear is the main driving point for innovation, and have advanced into an era of curiosity. Experts from around the globe have collaborated many times to work towards a specific goal. So we are at a point where scientists, architects, engineers, and others can collaborate under the name of progress. So we have reached a turning point where war no longer pushes progress, but progress consolidates peace. The factual side of the world can unite us, but what of the fictional? Known by many names, including; â€Å"truth†, â€Å"gobbledygook†, and â€Å"plausibility†, religion is a subject that often comes under fire during conversations of peace, as history provides instances of wars due to religious differences. As shown above, however, history doesn t necessarily define the present. Religion has the power to unify people, to create common rules which dictate what is right or wrong, and to extinguish arguments with â€Å"divine† reasoning. Religion is often proclaimed the true peacekeeper, and why not? After all, theism allowed humans to band together in their nomadic days, which allowed them to hunt larger game,Show MoreRelatedVietnam War : The Unwinnable War1762 Words   |  8 Pagesdictionary has numerous definitions. For example, â€Å" a state of tranquility or quiet†, â€Å"freedom from civil disturbance†, â€Å"a state of security or order within a community provided for by law or custom†, â€Å"freedom from disquieting or oppressive thoughts or emotions†, etc. One would think that with victory comes peace since there is an end to war and fighting. However, just because fighting comes to a close doesn’t mean that there still isn’t disturbances or that there is successful order. When nations end warRead MoreChanging Characteristics of Poetry from Modern to Romantics3272 Words   |  14 Pages Topic: Changing characteristics of poetry from Romantics to Modern Abstract: The characteristics of poetry changed with the changing of eras and literary periods. Romantics have their own features and writing style. Nature and beauty play very important role in Romantic poetry. Victorian poetry is different from Romantics because its themes are about Victorian age, which is influenced by democracy, evolutionary sciencesRead MoreImportance of Peace and Order Law in the Development of the Country4337 Words   |  18 Pagesrefers to an environment that is characterized by healthy interpersonal and international relationships, acknowledgment of equality and fairness. A. Background of the Study From the Latin pax, meaning freedom from civil disorder, the English word came into use in various personal greetings from c.1300 as a translation of the Hebrew shalom. Such a translation is, however, imprecise, as shalom, which is also cognate with the Arabic salaam, has multiple other meanings in additionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval

Impact Of Globalization On The Global Economy - 1355 Words

Globalization is interpreted in a variety of different ways. One way is that it introduces opportunities which further develops regions to progress and prosper in the global economy. In many cases globalization means the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. The world is moving away from self-contained national economies and toward an interdependent, integrated global economy. There is an insurmountable amount of ways to impact globalization but some include trade, people movement, communication and technology. In all cases, globalization increases the connectivity between cultures and nations, which helps accelerate advancements in society. Also, in a business tense, globalization leads to the creation of global customers as well as connecting the global market together. Many people ask the question, â€Å"is it possible to have a compatibility of profits with people and planet?† To answer this question, yes it is possible, but in order to do so com panies need a goal of sustainability. Three factors lead to sustainability. People, planet and profit. All of these rely on fair business practices and beneficial environment practices. In order for a company reach sustainability, they will need to restructure the framework to a more sufficient one. This will allow people, planet, and profit to co-exist with one another and allow the company to prosper. This is a major thought for multinational companies to consider when they set up international operations.Show MoreRelatedImpact Of Globalization On The Global Economy1803 Words   |  8 Pagesinvestments and production in the global market. The development of Technology through the industrial revolution, is one the most significant factors behind globalisation. Globalisations removes the limits to business, the trade of goods and services worldwide. This allows business cooperation’s to expand in foreign markets. Global trade is a powerful force that has been made possible t hrough the process of globalisation, and has opened up the gates to the global economy. There are many advantages andRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Global Economy1452 Words   |  6 PagesMany goods and services have increased, because of worldwide trading throughout the past years. Australia is linked into the global economy due to exchanges being made between nations and technology being better than ever, as it is quicker, faster and easier to communicate with potential customers. These are just some of the reasons why Australia is linked in to the global economy. 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Internal and external forces in the environment have driven HRM from a maintenance and record-keeping function to a source of sustained competitive advantage for organizations competingRead MoreGlobalization : A World Wide Movement Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization is a phenomenon, a world wide movement where nations and communities come together and form a network. Throughout the course we explored the integration and interdependence of various nations, which ultimately shapes world affairs on a global level.Evidently, growth of the developing countries is the main cause of globalization and it brings both opportunities and disadvantages to them. There are numerous ways in which globalization has impacted the world today.The course also createdRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Global Integration1476 Words   |  6 PagesGLOBAL INTEGRATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Globalization is the process by which different societies, cultures, and regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political ideas through transportation, communication, and trade. Generally, globalization has affected many nations in various ways; economically, politically, and socially. It is a term that refers to the fast integration and interdependence of various nations, which shapes the world affairs on a global level. GlobalizationRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on International Business Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pages............3 What is Globalization....................................................4 The engines for Globalizations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Globalization’s impacts on international business†¦..7 The road ahead for international business†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Introduction Every day we hear it on the news, read it in the papers, overhear people talking about it†¦ and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a differentRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Globalization on South Africa767 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is the shrinking of the world and the increased consciousness of the world as a whole. It is a term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that is a result of dramatically increased cross-border trade, investment, and cultural exchange. Globalization has been dominated by the nation-state, national economies, and national cultural identities. The new form of globalization is an interconnected world and global mass culture, often referred to as a global villageRead MoreGlobalization : The World Of Politics And The Human Population1648 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization influences many aspects of human life, it is a process of change, the process of collaboration and integration am ong the people and businesses of different nations, it is a process propelled by trade, investment and technology. The process of globalization has great purpose for bring people together and sharing ideas however, it has effects on the environment, culture, the economy, politics and the human population (Globalization 101). Globalization has effected the environment due

Significant Life Events - Solution is Just a Click Away

Questions: 1.1 Explain the impact of significant life events on individuals? 1.2 Analyse possible group responses to significant life events that occur to one of its members? 1.3 Analyse the impact for others in health and social care when an individual experiences significant life event? 2.1 Evaluate the effectiveness of organisational policies and procedures in supporting indviduals and their social networks affected by significant life events? 2.2 Explain how others in social networks may provide support to individuals experienceing significant life events? Does The Intricacy of The Topic Intimidate You? Tame Your Fear with Unmatched Assignment Help Services from Professional Writers. 2.3 Evaluate the suitability of external sources of support for those affected by significant life events? 3.1 Analyse possible organisational responses to the need to support individuals experiencing a significant life event? 3.2 Reflect on own personal contributions to the support of individuals experienceing significant life events? 3.3 Make recommendations for improving tge support available in a health and social care organisation for individuals and their social networks when affected by significant life events? Answers: 1.1: Impact of Significant Life events on individuals Life events can be considered as changes that occur in the life of an individual in a sudden and sometimes in an abrupt manner for which the individual may not have been ready and thus may take some time to deal with it(Cook, 2006). But it is not compulsory that a life event has to be bad and therefore have negative effects on a particular individual. A significant life event can be a positive one too where the individual in whos life the particular event occurs may be positively influenced by the event altogether. Thus in this context some life events can be desirable while others may not be desirable. Therefore, different events can have different type of impact on the person and can be understood and explained in various ways. The classification of life events are done on the basis of judging exactly how much stressful they are to one. This method had been attempted by Holmes and Rahe in the year 1967. On the basis of this model or type of classification, the life events can be cl assified or categorized into 40 different classes. For example, the passing away of a loved one is very undesirable and can end up having a very bad impact in an individuals life. This is a kind of negative life event and it has the potential of creating a lot of stress or tension in ones life(Eldredge, 1998). Another example of this type can be getting fired from the professional field and thus becoming jobless which would result in a great amount of tension in ones life. But, on the other hand, the life events like that of getting married, or being promoted, or having a baby is quite desirable and may have a very positive influence on ones life. Thus the overall impact of a life event on a specific individual is very much dependent on the type of life event taken under consideration and thus may vary from one to the other (Burton, Forsyth and Obel, 1989). 1.2: Analysis of Group Responses to Significant Life Events In case of a group responding to a life event that has happened in the life of one of its members, there are different responses to different life events (Buto, 2004). But it is but a common part of the behavior and response of the group, that the group always tries to support its member and tries to make the situation as normal as possible for him or her. In case of the undesirable life events, the group tries to empathize with the member is directly affected by this life event and the ways in which different undesirable events are treated is to be noted. For example, the group may conduct many different sessions to improve the mental or psychological state of the concerned person who is affected by it(Redfield, 2013). For example, if in case a person has lost a loved one that person may feel very lonely and vacant for the occurrence of such a life event and this vacancy is needed to be filled by the group. Moreover, they need to engage the affected person in different activities, so that he may be distracted for a while and with time therefore can return to the normal mode of life as soon as possible. Either one or more hobbies of the affected person is encouraged or the group in itself initiates some group activities which will help the affected person in one way or the other. One method or way that is adopted by the different groups is that of singing together. Since music already has a calming effect on the mind of a person, so this way is quite helpful for those who need to come out of a really stressful period in their life(Podany, 2003). But at the same time there are many other different ways which can be taken up by the group in order to aid or help one of its members who is being negatively affected by the life event to come out of it in a smooth and easy way. On the other hand, in case of the desirable life events, the group responds in a very positive way and encourages and congratulates its member for entering into this much desirable phase of hi s or her life.Getting married and having a baby are the life events which will fall in this particular category. 1.3: Impact on Others in Health and Social Care The impact on the other people present in the Health and Social Care organization can be different from one another on the basis of the type of the life event that one is undergoing (Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?, 2008). But the workers being of responsible in nature tend to give importance to such factors and thus help out the other individual in each and every way that they can. In such an organization, the other members try to find ways in which they can help out an individual as the needs and requirements of one individual differs from the other(Coty, 2011). Thus the main factor actually lies in understanding an individual. Only if a person is able to understand the other person in a proper way, he or she will be able to help and aid the other individual who is going through a significant life event. 3.1: Analysis of Organizational Responses to the need to Support Individuals Different organizations where a particular individual facing a significant life event need to be more concerned about supporting the individual under each and every situation (Golemon, 2006). A general awareness needs to be created regarding the need of having to support the individuals in an organization who are going through some life events in their life. Since an individual has the tendency of losing out on the normal balance in their lives, thus it is required for the people around him to support him in the way that is required by him. This will aid the person in getting back to his normal life and thus he can work in a better way too(Cranwell-Ward Abbey, 2005). For example, if a person is suffering because of the occurrence of an utterly undesirable life experience, then he must be very stressed out and would not have the mental strength to cope up with his emotional breakdown and the pressure of his professional field at the same time(Norgaard, 2011). Thus as a result of it, the performance and the productivity of the individual will keep on detoriating and this will eventually be reflected in a recurrent way in his own work. The individual will not be able to work in a proper way as long as he is not back in his normal life where he can balance out everything. This is what the organization needs to understand and thereby support the individual in the needed manner (Tidd and Hull, 2003). In cases of desirable life events too, the individual is in need of the support of his organization. For example, if a lady is pregnant this is a very desirable event but the organization needs to support her by giving the required leaves so that she can do her work in a better way without any physical discomfort or other distractions (Kronenfeld, 2010). 3.2: Reflection on Personal Contribution In my case, I have always tried to be there in a proper way beside those who are experiencing any kind of significant life event in their life. One of my very close friends had gone through a very bad phase in his life after he lost his mother in a car accident (McIntosh, 2007). He was very close to his mother and thus her passing away in such a sudden and tragic manner had shaken him up in a very bad way. He had felt lost and there was a point of time when he did not even want to continue with his own life. This is the time when I knew that he had to be made to come out of this depression that he had gone into. So I tried to cheer him up and encourage him in looking at life from a different perspective altogether (Starr, 1982). I would take him out to a lot of seminars on spirituality and awakening of the soul so that he could feel a bit less attached to anything earthly and thus find a sense of fluffiness within himself(Ainsworth, 2000). Since he was a fan of music I would listen t o various types of songs and keep him company as much as I could. This had a positive effect in his life but he was still a bit aloof from everybody and that is how he likes it. Then I took him to a trip of trekking as he had always wanted to go. All these eventually helped him to come out of his deep depression and thereby get on with his life eventually. The loss of his mother may never be fulfilled but he knew how to be strong and move on (McVea, Gow and Lowe, 2011). This has been a learning experience for me too and I have a better understanding of how to deal with myself as well as any other individual who is going through a significant event in his own life. 3.3: Recommendations More than any technical training or other similar learning experience, what is really required is a sense of humanity and a fellow feeling for the people around. This will serve to help others in a much better way and thus aid and support them in the way that is actually required(Harper, 2007). But to apply this in a more professional way, one can be given the required training to understand the ways in which different situations are to be dealt with. Thus if professionals and experts on this field lend their knowledge to the common workers of the health and social care organization, then it would be a bit easy on their part to contribute to the life of other individuals in an effective manner who are facing some crisis in their life due to the occurrence of a significant life event (Moreno, Fuhriman and Hileman, 1995). The training program needs to be such so that the methods and techniques shown to the workers can be executed and applied in the practical field as well rather than j ust bordering and bounding itself in theoretical field. It is of utmost importance as the way in which the life of an individual functions depends on it (Sim and McKee, 2011). References: Ainsworth, P. (2000). Understanding depression. Jackson, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi. Cook, R. (2006). Crisis. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. Coty, D. (2011). Too blessed to be stressed. Uhrichsville, Ohio: Barbour Publishing. Cranwell-Ward, J., Abbey, A. (2005).Organizational stress.Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Eldredge, N. (1998). Life in the balance. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Harper, J. (2007).Chairing the board. London: Kogan Page. Norgaard, K. (2011). Living in denial. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Podany, S. (2003).Life in the fast lane. Newport Beach, CA: Energy Pub. Redfield, P. (2013). Life in crisis. Berkeley: University of California Press. Burton, R., Forsyth, J. and Obel, B. (1989). Organizational responses to the new business conditions. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Buto, K. (2004). Strengthening community. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Social Insurance. Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?. (2008). Journal of Adolescent Health, 42(3), p.309. Golemon, D. (2006). Event. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. Kronenfeld, J. (2010). The impact of demographics on health and health care. Bingley, UK: Emerald. McIntosh, I. (2007). Learning from analysis of significant events. Independent Nurse, 2007(2). McVea, C., Gow, K. and Lowe, R. (2011). Corrective interpersonal experience in psychodrama group therapy: A comprehensive process analysis of significant therapeutic events. Psychotherapy Research, 21(4), pp.416-429. Moreno, J., Fuhriman, A. and Hileman, E. (1995). Significant events in a psychodynamic psychotherapy group for eating disorders. Group, 19(1), pp.56-62. Sim, F. and McKee, M. (2011). Issues in public health. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill/Open University Press. Starr, H. (1982). Thrilling events. College Station, Tex.: Creative Pub. Co. Tidd, J. and Hull, F. (2003). Service innovation. London: Imperial College Press.

Zara International

The management at Zara International is using some elements of classical management approaches to run their organization. Scholars view classical management approaches on the premise that people are rational. The company combines the three elements of classical management approaches like scientific management approaches of Fredrick Taylor, administrative principles of Henri Fayol, and bureaucratic organization of Max Weber (Schermerhorn and Wright, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Zara International specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zara International has a clear division of labor. The company employs more than two hundred designers to help it keep up with high demands and to eliminate delays. This results into the specialization for its workers, which have extremely increased the company’s turnaround time. The use of principal of order (there is a place for everything and all things should be in their place) is driving Zara International complex system of just-in-time production and inventory reporting that keeps it a head of competitions. The distribution centers can have items across the three continents of America, Asia and Europe between 24 to 48 hours. There is no single organization which can succeed when there is no discipline. The success of Zara International is only possible through its discipline work force. Zara time management skills allow it workers to coordinate their design, production, distribution, and retail sales to optimize the flow of goods and retain their profit. They make a business sense by coordinating and integrating as many supply chains as possible. Workers take the initiative and do the work with zeal and energy. Zara International has achieved success because it has adopted the classical management approaches. They have workers with the right ability for the jobs such as the designers and the management team. The organization carefully plans the work and smoothes the way for workers as they implement management decisions. The company also possesses clear hierarchy of authority. People can see the company’s hierarchy of authority from its command of the supply chain. The company’s management team also uses behavioral management approaches. These approaches assume that people are social and self-actualizing. Zara International is a successful fashion industry. If we take into account the behavioral management approaches, then several factors influence the success of the company (Robbins and Coulter, 2010). The management runs Zara International as a community. Management team and workers work together to ensure record breaking time in fast fashion industry. The company combines the talent of designers, sales team, production team, distribution team, and top level management to ensure seamless production and distribution. Their supply chain is efficient to enable them save on resources. The management allows various supply chains to cooperate with each other in order to achieve integration of interests (Christiansen, 2000).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Management allows workers to participate in their jobs. They have more job involvements, freedom, and a sense of responsibility. This involvement creates favorable conditions for workers to satisfy their self esteem and self-actualization needs. The company is growing fast and expanding to new regions. This sense of success makes Zara International employees behave as expected with initiative and high performance. The workers have self-fulfillment experiences in their duties. Competitions have singled out the performance of Zara International. Workers will perform as anticipated because of the expectations created by their competitions. Zara International employees are able to experience high sense of moral due to positiv e comments from competitions and clients. In conclusion, Zara International management team does not adopt all the management approaches. However, they exemplify best practices in management. The article does not focus on issues of workers compensation, benefits and rewards. Therefore, this study cannot draw a conclusion of management approaches based on issues of compensations and rewards. References Christiansen, J. (2000). Building Innovative Organization: Management Systems That Encourage Innovation. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. John, R. S., Barry, W. (2011). Management, Second Canadian Edition. Toronto, Canada: John Wiley Sons. Stephen, P. R., Mary, C. (2010). Management (11 Edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. This case study on Zara International was written and submitted by user Abbie D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Mary Ann Bickerdyke, Calico Colonel of the Civil War

Mary Ann Bickerdyke, Calico Colonel of the Civil War Mary Ann Bickerdyke was known for her nursing service during Civil War, including setting up hospitals, winning confidence of generals. She lived from  July 19, 1817 to November 8, 1901. She was known as Mother Bickerdyke or the Calico Colonel, and her full name was  Mary Ann Ball Bickerdyke. Mary Ann Bickerdyke Biography Mary Ann Ball was born in 1817 in Ohio.   Her father, Hiram Ball, and mother, Anne Rodgers Ball, were farmers.   Anne Balls mother had been married before and brought children to her marriage to Hiram Ball. Anne died when Mary Ann Ball was only a year old,. Mary Ann was sent with her sister and her mother’s older two children to live with their maternal grandparents, also in Ohio, while her father remarried.   When the grandparents died, an uncle, Henry Rodgers, cared for the children for a time. We don’t know much about Mary Ann’s early years.   Some sources claim she attended Oberlin College and was part of the Underground Railroad, but there’s no historical evidence for those events. Marriage Mary Ann Ball married Robert Bickerdyke in April 1847. The couple lived in Cincinnati, where Mary Ann may have helped with nursing during the 1849 cholera epidemic.   They had two sons.   Robert struggled with ill health as they moved to Iowa and then to Galesburg, Illinois. He died in 1859.   Now widowed, Mary Ann Bickerdyke then had to work to support herself and her children. She worked in domestic service and did some work as a nurse. She was part of the Congregational Church in Galesburg where the minister was Edward Beecher, son of the famous minister Lyman Beecher, and a brother of Harriet Beecher Stowe and Catherine Beecher, half-brother of Isabella Beecher Hooker.   Civil War Service When the Civil War began in 1861, the Rev. Beecher called attention to the sad state of soldiers who were stationed in Cairo, Illinois.   Mary Ann Bickerdyke decided to take action, probably based on her experience in nursing.  Ã‚   She put her sons under the care of others, then went to Cairo with medical supplies that had been donated.   On arrival in Cairo, she took charge of sanitary conditions and nursing at the encampment, though women were not supposed to be there without prior permission.   When a hospital building was finally constructed, she was appointed matron. After her success in Cairo, though still without any formal permission to do her work, she went with Mary Safford, who had also been at Cairo, to follow the army as it moved south.   She nursed the wounded and sick among the soldiers at the battle of Shiloh. Elizabeth Porter, representing the Sanitary Commission, was impressed by Bickerdyke’s work, and arranged for an appointment as a â€Å"Sanitary field agent.† This position also brought in a monthly fee. General Ulysses S Grant developed a trust for Bickerdyke, and saw to it that she had a pass to be in the camps.   She followed Grant’s army to Corinth, Memphis, then to Vicksburg, nursing at each battle. Accompanying Sherman At Vicksburg, Bickerdyke decided to join the army of William Tecumsah Sherman as it began a march south, first to Chattanooga, then on Sherman’s infamous march through Georgia.   Sherman allowed Elizabeth Porter and Mary Ann Bickerdyke to accompany the army, but when the army reached Atlanta, Sherman sent Bickerdyke back to the north. Sherman recalled Bickerdyke, who had gone to New York, when his army moved towards Savannah.   He arranged for her passage back to the front.   On her way back to Sherman’s army, Bickerdyke stopped for a while to help with Union prisoners who’d been recently released from the Confederate prisoner of war camp at Andersonville.   She finally connected back with Sherman and his men in North Carolina. Bickerdyke remained in her volunteer post – though with some recognition from the Sanitary Commission – until the very end of the war, in 1866, staying as long as there were soldiers still stationed. After the Civil War Mary Ann Bickerdyke tried several jobs after leaving army service. She ran a hotel with her sons, but when she got sick, they sent her to San Francisco.   There she helped advocate for pensions for the veterans.   She was hired at the mint in San Francisco.   She also attended reunions of the Grand Army of the Republic, where her service was recognized and celebrated. Bickerdyke died in Kansas in 1901.   In 1906, the town of Galesburg, from which she’d left to go to the war, honored her with a stature. While some of the nurses in the Civil War were organized by religious orders or under Dorothea Dix’ command, Mary Ann Bickerdyke represents another kind of nurse: a volunteer who was not responsible to any supervisor, and who often interjected themselves into camps where women were forbidden to go.

This is a media analysis assessment (report format). The assessment Assignment

This is a media analysis assessment (report format). The assessment topic will be sent by file .pdf - Assignment Example The country produces readily available fresh produce with most of the population residing along areas near or at the coast, such areas posses popular fish and seafood cuisines, in contrast with the other temperate regions of Australia that eat foods according to the season such as rhubarb, zucchini and asparagus commonly eaten during spring. For example Tetsuya restaurant rated as one of Australias best restaurant’s provides a difusion of Asian and western cuisines based on both Japanese and French preparation techniques served in its Japanese garden setting. In addition restaurants like Lagoon Seafood restaurant provide unforgettable seafood dining experienced of fresh sea foods like prawn and Queensland’s crabs. Australia has the third largest fishing zone in the world with plentiful access to seafood’s such as prawn, salmon, lobster and tuna and 60 other species. The Australian cuisine contains seafood varieties such as King George whiting, Jew fish and yabby. Fish and chips consisting of deep fried fish and chips are yet another popular fast food that originated from the United Kingdom and continues to remain popular. On top of seafood cuisines, tourists have the luxury of enjoying aqua marine based sports such as fish sporting of the Barramundi specie and Flathead fish that are popular sports and table fish all over Australia. Australias wine industry ranks as the fourth top global wine exporter contributing 760 million liters’ of wine to the global industry, every state in Australia produces wine mainly in the southern parts of the country like New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia. Famous wine districts like Hunter Valley with producers like Rosemount and Lindemans attracting local and international tourists in addition, beer is also popular with prominent brands like Fosters which is commanding global

Legislative & Executive Branches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Legislative & Executive Branches - Essay Example PTA includes a couple of negotiating objectives that such trade agreements must work towards. According to the article, to uphold Congressional oversight, the Act mandates that in the course of the process of negotiating trade agreement, the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) should meet with and give access to important or classified documents up on request by Members of Congress. This article explains the theme covered in this weeks content on the Congress in the sense that the Congress, as part of the three branches of the U.S. government, is accorded significant role by the Constitution. Legislative powers is devolved to the Congress, meaning that the Congress is the only arm of the government which can change existing laws or make new laws. Executive branch only issue regulations, but these are merely under the power of laws passed by the Congress. If the President reject the bill, the Congress may override that rejection by a simple two-thirds vote. If the President`s rejection of the bill is overruled, the he should act by strengthening his tie with the senators and house representatives. That response is the best way to have his will

A Streetcar Named Desire Essay Example for Free

A Streetcar Named Desire Essay In this play there are three main characters Blanche, Stanley and Stella. The play is set in New Orleans in a place named Elysian Fields which runs between L N tracks and the river. Stella and Stanley are married and living together as man and wife in their little apartment. Blanche is Stellas sister. Blanche and Stella both used to live in Belle Reve. Blanche turns up on Stellas door step having lost Belle Reve and her job as a teacher. She has no money and no place to go. She is relying on her sister and her husband to support her. On her arrival she insulted Stellas husband and Stella herself but still expects them to look after her as if it were their duty. Blanche takes them both for granted and in scene one says Im not going to be put up at a hotel. I want to be near you. As soon as Blanche sees Stanley she finds something strangely attractive, she doesnt know why or what it is, he is distant towards her, does not pay her compliments like she is used to and she finds this attractive, he is quite a challenge to her even if he is her brother in law but there is something there that she finds irresistible, the first time they meet he is very blunt in the way he talks and brash, he has no respect for women of any kind, he does what he wants, when he wants and how he wants to do it, the first time they meet he walks in asks if she minds if he takes his top off after a long day at work but before she replies he has already removed it, he wasnt really interested in her answer it was just like a formality a moment of politeness. This is when she notices him and sees something she likes. This makes us think that Blanche may be jealous of the relationship between her sister and Stanley. Perhaps she likes the idea of this man treating her differently to the way she has been treated before, she likes him having power over her, being manly In scene two Stanley questions Blanche on the loss of Belle Reve. Blanche is secretive and tries to avoid the subject, she does not want to argue over such trivial matters and should not want to upset her sister who is listening to their discussion but Stanley can see straight through her pretty, womanly ways, he wants the truth and he knows that she is hiding something, she tries to act dumb papers, what papers she asks when Stanley asks to see the legal documents on Belle Reve. When Stanley does find papers Blanche says they are love letters and he must not touch them (changing the subject to try and distract Stanley from what he wanted to see or might find) Sister in law or not he knows something has happened that will affect Stellas inheritance and through the Napoleonic Code will effect him. Blanches flirtatious ways will not win Stanley over where this is concerned. Stanley can see straight through her womanly ways and will not be distracted.

The Life and Work of Edgar Allan Poe Essay -- essays research papers

Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to parents who were traveling actors. His father David Poe Jr. died probably in 1810. Elizabeth Hopkins Poe died in 1811, leaving three children. Edgar was taken into the home of a merchant from Richmond named John Allan. The remaining children were cared for by others. Poe's brother William died young and sister Rosalie later became insane. At the age of five Poe could recite passages of English poetry. Later one of his teachers in Richmond said: "While the other boys wrote mere mechanical verses, Poe wrote genuine poetry; the boy was a born poet." Poe was brought up partly in England (1815-20), where he attended Manor School at Stoke Newington. Later it became the setting for his story 'William Wilson'. Since Poe was never legally adopted, he took Allan's name for his middle name. Poe attended the University of Virginia (1826-27), but was expelled for not paying his gambling debts. His expulsion led to a quarrel with All an, who refused to pay the debts. Allan later disowned him. In 1826 Poe became engaged to Elmira Royster, but her parents broke off the engagement. During his stay at the university, Poe wrote some stories, but not much is known of his beginning works. In 1827 Poe joined the U.S. Army as a common soldier under an assumed name, Edgar A. Perry. He was sent to Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, which provided settings for his tales 'The Gold Bug' (1843) and 'The Balloon Hoax' (1844). Tamerlane and O... The Life and Work of Edgar Allan Poe Essay -- essays research papers Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to parents who were traveling actors. His father David Poe Jr. died probably in 1810. Elizabeth Hopkins Poe died in 1811, leaving three children. Edgar was taken into the home of a merchant from Richmond named John Allan. The remaining children were cared for by others. Poe's brother William died young and sister Rosalie later became insane. At the age of five Poe could recite passages of English poetry. Later one of his teachers in Richmond said: "While the other boys wrote mere mechanical verses, Poe wrote genuine poetry; the boy was a born poet." Poe was brought up partly in England (1815-20), where he attended Manor School at Stoke Newington. Later it became the setting for his story 'William Wilson'. Since Poe was never legally adopted, he took Allan's name for his middle name. Poe attended the University of Virginia (1826-27), but was expelled for not paying his gambling debts. His expulsion led to a quarrel with All an, who refused to pay the debts. Allan later disowned him. In 1826 Poe became engaged to Elmira Royster, but her parents broke off the engagement. During his stay at the university, Poe wrote some stories, but not much is known of his beginning works. In 1827 Poe joined the U.S. Army as a common soldier under an assumed name, Edgar A. Perry. He was sent to Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, which provided settings for his tales 'The Gold Bug' (1843) and 'The Balloon Hoax' (1844). Tamerlane and O...

Healthy Work Environment

A Healthy Work Environment: Essential in Providing Quality Health Care Kimberly Lett DeVry University ENGL135: Advanced Composition Fall term 2010 A Healthy Work Environment: Essential in Providing Quality Health Care The delivery of healthcare has evolved and changed over the years and with the advances in science and technology, the ability to provide safe, quality care to all patients has been impacted by the changes. With the rising healthcare costs and decrease in reimbursement for care provided, organizations must look for ways of cost containment to maintain viability for the future. Fabre (2005) noted that administrators are struggling to maintain financial stability and retain competent nurses during these difficult financial times. Organizations are being evaluated and reimbursed based on their patient care outcomes; as such the nurse’s role is critical in helping to identify potential safety risks to patients and the prevention of medical errors. As hospitals have responded to financial pressure from Medicare, managed care , and other private payers, registered nurses have become increasingly dissatisfied with the working conditions in hospitals† (Fabre, 2005, p. 20). One of the many challenges in healthcare today, is the need for organizations to recognize and facilitate the improvement of the work environment. The need for competent, qualified nurses in any organization is i mperative for providing safe, quality care to the clients. For this reason the critical role that nurses have in providing patient safety should not be underestimated. The Institute of Medicine (2004) reported â€Å" research is now beginning to document what physicians, patients, other healthcare providers, and nurses themselves have long known: how well we are cared for by nurses affects our health, and sometimes can be a matter of life or death† (p. 2). The importance of a healthy work environment has been recognized as a key component in maximizing organizational performance, contributing to a decrease in the nursing shortage within an organization and is vital in providing quality care to the clients they serve. The growing concern for the nursing shortage continues to be a major issue affecting the profession and attention is being given to the stressful nature of the work environment. Several national surveys were completed in 2002 and 2004, identifying reasons for the ongoing nursing shortage, one of the major concerns centered on the work environment (Florida Center of Nursing, 2006). Organizations are looking at ways of restructuring the work environment, enabling staff nurses the opportunity to participate in decisions that impact their ability to practice. McDonald, Tullai-McGuinness, Madigan, and Shively (2010) remarked that workplaces that have a supportive work environment have noted success in recruitment and retention of their work force, citing an increase in job satisfaction and improved patient outcomes. With nurses making up the largest percentage of professionals working in a hospital setting, organizations now recognize the importance of the nurses’ role and measures to improve the workplace are being developed. Lowe (2002) noted â€Å" diagnosing the extent of work environment problems in healthcare is the first step in designing strategies to improve the quality of healthcare workplaces† (p. 49). Hospitals looking to improve on the work environment must first have an understanding of the nurses’ perception of their workplace environment. Kramer and Schmalenberg (2008) noted â€Å"the perspective of clinical nurses at the front line as to what constitutes a healthy work environment is essential if interventions to improve practice environments in hospitals are to be implemented† (p. 57). Once an organization is able to identify distinctive characteristics that have an impact on staff and their environment, they are then able to proceed in developing strategies to improve the work culture. All members of the healthcare team, including staff, management, and administrators, must be committed to the development of a healthy work environment as well as sustaining the culture through modeled behavior. Practical techniques to assist in the development of staff friendly cultures are clearly identified, with long term strategies implemented rather than short term fixes, for all members of the organization. To help facilitate and guide organizations, professional groups have designed several programs available for their use in fostering a healthy work environment (Florida Center of Nursing, 2006). The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ACNN) sponsors the Magnet Recognition Program, which focuses on the development of nursing practices and evaluates the environment where nursing is practiced. This program is well recognized by organizations throughout the country, as the Magnet Journey and is considered to be one of the highest achievements that organizations can obtain (Broom, & Tilbury, 2007). Organizations that strive to achieve the Magnet designation, acknowledge the link between a healthy work environment and the development of an organization of nursing excellence. Hospitals utilizing the Magnet concept demonstrate the following characteristics; (a) authentic leadership, (b) skilled communication, (c) effective decision making, (d) quality patient care processes, (e) collaboration and teamwork among all healthcare workers, (f) professional growth and accountability, (g) clinically competent staff and (h) adequate staffing levels (Shirey, 2006). All the above components are essential and linked to the effectiveness of a quality work culture. An online survey of clinical nurses, conducted by the AACN, were asked to identify factors that had an impact on their satisfaction with nursing as well as potential reasons that might cause them to leave the profession ( Ulrich et al. , 2006). Leadership style was identified as a key component affecting nurses’ satisfaction with their job. Nursing leadership is a crucial element to the work environment of nurses, as it is the leaders who can bring about positive changes to the environment (Florida Center of Nursing, 2006). The importance of effective leadership from all levels of management in any organization is essential in developing and promoting collaboration with their employees. A manager’s ability to foster leadership growth, and recognize the importance and expertise of the nursing staff will have a major advantage in retention of competent nurses in their units. In essence, leaders who can motivate and provide opportunities for their staff, and demonstrate a high level of role model behavior, have higher levels of staff participation and commitment to the organization. Authentic leadership is characterized as one that establishes relationships which are based on trust, respect, and can be considered genuine and believable (Shirey, 2006). Leaders that demonstrate excellent management styles are participatory, coaching and mentoring, they encourage and value staff members and support staff involvement in decision making that has an impact on their work environment (Tomey, 2008). The importance of effective leadership, with staff and management working together, is noted by their ability to create a shared vision for the organization through collaboration and continuous improvement of the work environment. Shirey (2006) noted â€Å"authentic leadership was described as the glue needed to hold together a healthy work environment† (p. 256). Another influential factor in the workplace is skilled communication among all levels of the healthcare team. Key components when utilizing one’s communication skills include verbal and nonverbal interactions and enhanced listening skills, all are vital in ensuring effective communication. Because communication happens continuously in the workplace between employees, managers and customers, it plays a vital role in the development of healthy relationships. Fabre (2005) noted that nursing staff expect sincerity, trust and good communication from all levels of leadership within the organization. Communicating openly and honestly allows for individuals to deal with one another in a respectful manner, build trust and have an appreciation for each other. A healthy relationship among co-workers enhances the communication process, allowing collaboration and teamwork, which in turn leads to a decrease in medical errors and fosters a safe environment for patient care. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) remarked that the 80% of medication errors and 70% of sentinel events that occurred in delivery of patient care were directly related to ineffective communication among the care providers (Florida Center of Nursing, 2006). Interactions among nurses, physicians, patients and managers, all have a direct impact on the quality of care delivered. In order to provide optimal patient care, it becomes crucial for all members of the healthcare team to communicate effectively with one another. Interpersonal relationships and collaborative teamwork among nurses, physicians and other members of the healthcare team are crucial to the delivery of quality care to the patients (Parsons, & Cornett, 2005). Another important aspect of a healthy work environment is one where nurses are supported and feel empowered to participate in decision making. Ulrich et al. (2006) reported the Institute of Medicine advocates for frontline staff to be involved and entrusted in the decision making and delivery of the patient care provided. When nurses are given the opportunity to participate in clinical and organizational decisions and receive support for their efforts, it fosters personal accountability and autonomy for all staff involved. Empowerment of the nursing staff establishes the groundwork for a positive workplace with collaboration and meaningful communication, enabling professional development and growth within the organization (Parsons, & Cornett, 2005). Organizations that promote staff involvement in the development of policies and procedures, fosters support for the nurses’ ability to use their critical thinking skills in determining what is the best plan of care for their patients. Nurses need to feel safe and secure in their work environment to be effective in utilizing their critical thinking skills. Kouzes (as cited by Fabre, 2005) remarked â€Å"the key to unleashing the organization’s potential to excel is putting that power in the hands of the people who perform the work (p. 7). When staff members are engaged and feel valued as member of the team, a true sense of autonomy is present in their daily care of patients. Fabre (2005) remarked it is extremely important for nurses to be autonomous, allowing them the ability to make decisions about direct patient care in their daily practice. One such method for getting staff members involved is through the use of shared governance committees within their units. Direct care nurses participating on these councils, are involved with decision making regarding positive patient care models as well as nursing satisfaction and retention (Florida Center of Nursing, 2006). Nurses working in positive work environments demonstrate mutual respect for one another, show consistent professional collaboration among all team members and function as high performance team members in their organizations. Vollers, Hill, Roberts, Dambaugh, and Brenner (2009) noted â€Å"nurses affect patients’ outcomes by their direct actions and their influence over the actions of other† (p. 24). It becomes easier for employees to recognize and accept the need for change, problem solve and decrease stress in their workplace. Another important aspect relating to nursing satisfaction is the importance of professional development. Organizations that are recognized for their high standard of patient care acknowledge the importance of their nursing staff and provide opportunities for personal and professional growth. Successful organizations offer various learning avenues for their employees. Emphasis is placed on orientation for new staff members, in-service education, continuing education as well as formal education and career development (Tomey, 2008). Nurses recognize that continuing education and competency go hand and hand and is imperative for professional development as well as patient safety. Individuals, who are given the opportunity to grow and develop their skills and abilities within an organization, will be happier and more productive at work. Another avenue of development for nursing is certification in their specialty. A certified nurse provides a level of expertise at the bedside when caring for his/her patients. Ulrich et al. (2006) noted the correlation between certified nurses and improved patient care; nurses were able to quickly identify the problem and intervene appropriately to the issue at hand. Nurses who embrace the idea of lifelong learning are able to adjust to the ever changing needs in healthcare and are much more satisfied in their job roles. Personal and professional growth is valued in organizations, where managers are committed to providing time and resources for staff learning and educational opportunities (Institute of Medicine, 2004). A shift in management thinking, from controlling to guiding staff, becomes an important step for staff development which in turn improves quality of nursing care. A common concern that nurses have with their current work environment is one of inadequate staffing levels. Hospitals that employ the concepts of magnet empower their nurses to make decisions about appropriate staffing levels. Management and staff nurses work together to build safe staffing strategies to meet the needs of the individual units. This collaboration between staff and management, builds trust, empowers the nursing staff and enables nurses to feel they have personal accountability for the success of their organization (Fabre, 2005). Organizations have struggled with trying to determine the number of nurses needed to provide safe, quality patient care and do so in a cost effective manner. The Institute of Medicine (2004) remarked that experts have recognized that healthcare organizations need to be aware, that overemphasis on efficiency and productivity may have a negative impact on patient safety. With the added stress of providing care for sicker patients with fewer nurses at the bedside, less time is available for nurses to meet all the physical, mental and psychosocial needs of the patients. Morgan and Lynn (2009) remarked â€Å"being pressed for time and energy, nurses describe their work in terms of survival; the luxuries of meaningful care interactions with patients are forgone† (p. 07). Often nurses feel they have time to only perform the minimum amount of basic care; and patient education, basic comforting and advocating for the patient is omitted. The lack of resources in staffing as well as a poor working environment is extremely dissatisfying to the nursing staff and impacts patient outcomes. â€Å"Research indicates that nurse staffing has a defin ite and measurable impact on patient outcomes, medical errors, length of stay, nurse turnover, and organizational outcomes† (Florida Center of Nursing, 2006, p. 5). There is no single action that guarantees a foolproof solution to patient safety during one’s hospitalization, but consideration of staffing levels has played a critical role in providing that safe care. Buchan and Aiken (2008) noted an association between higher nurse staffing ratios and a decrease in medical complications and patient mortality. Staff nurses recognize high risk situations and patient safety concerns, when understaffed they are often times unable to prevent these catastrophic incidents. Safety is a patient’s right and they deserve the nurse’s best efforts. Fabre (2005) noted that the success of nurses as well the healthcare organization is dependent on a positive healthy work environment. Patient safety needs to be the most important goal for any organization. Culture does matters and a healthy work environment makes the difference in an organization’s performance. The importance of promoting health, through the use of wellness programs, as well as prevention of illness for employees in an organization should not be overlooked. Staff should be supported and encouraged to participate in their own health management. Burton (2008) remarked â€Å"it is intuitively obvious that unhealthy, stressed employees will cost a company something in terms of absenteeism and decreased productivity† (p. 3). A positive work environment fosters healthy lifestyles, behaviors and enables individuals to develop coping skills to deal with stress on a daily basis. The financial benefits versus the cost of creating a healthy work environment can be cost neutral. Many of the magnet concepts, if developed in the workplace, are done with no direct costs to the hospitals. Changes in leadership styles, supportive and respectful behavior towards staff and empowering nurses in the decision making does not cost the organization money (Burton, 2008). All these factors will have a significant impact on the work environment; improving the physical and mental wellbeing of staff members. Patients trust and recommend hospitals because of the nursing care they receive. Fabre (2005) noted an important reminder to hospitals; patients tell their family, friends and neighbors about the care, good or bad, they received while a patient in their organization. Excellent patient care coupled with patient satisfaction is what attracts people to an organization. Healthcare organizations that demonstrate and promote healthy work environments will become the employer of choice in their communities. Burton (2008) noted that administrators of an organization cannot argue the fact that their reputation is extremely important in the community in relation to the success of their facility. Patients do notice the difference and when hospitals are able to recruit and retain the best nurses in the community; this nursing excellence has the ability to drive the success of the organization. Whether an organization chooses to seek Magnet designation or not, the concepts can still be utilized in any organization towards the development of a healthy work environment. It is important that organizations recognize the need for development of strategies that foster a healthy work environment, where staff are valued and acknowledged for their contributions and have a desire to work in their facilities. The association between a healthy work environment and the health and wellbeing of the nursing staff correlates to the impact on the quality of care provided to the patients they serve. It is evident that the continuity of patient care, recruitment and retention of competent nursing staff and organizational viability are all greatly impacted by the nurses’ work environment. Maintaining a healthy workplace remains a challenge in healthcare and must be seen as an ongoing process. Healthcare organizations that are able to develop and sustain quality workplaces will be able to meet the demands of healthcare in the future by retaining competent nursing staff and meeting the health needs of their communities. . References Broom, C. , & Tilbury, M. S. (2007). Magnet Status: A journey, not a destination. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 22(2), 113-118 Buchan, J. , & Aiken, L. (2008). Solving nursing shortages: a common priority. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17, 3262-3268. Burton, J. (2008). The business case for a healthy workplace. Retrieved January 24, 2011 from: http://www. iapa. ca/pdf/fd_business_case_healthy_workplace. pdf Fabre, J. (2005). Smart nursing: How to create a positive work environment that empowers and retains nurses. New York, New York: Springer Publishing Company, Inc. Florida Center of Nursing. (2006). The value of a healthy work environment. 1-20. Retrieved January 28, 2011 from http://www. flcenterfornursing. org/files/healthworkenv. pdf Institute of Medicine of the Nation Academies. (2004). Keeping patients safe: Transforming the work environment. Washington, D. C. : The National Academies Press. Kramer, M. , & Schmalenberg, C. (2008). Confirmation of a healthy work environment. Critical Care Nurse, 28(2), 56-64. Lowe, G. S. (2002). High-Quality Healthcare Workplaces: A vision and action plan. Hospital Quarterly Summer, 49-56. McDonald, S. F. , Tullai-McGuinness, S. , Madigan, E. A. , & Shively, M. (2010). Relationships between staff nurse involvement in organizational structures and perception of empowerment. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 33(2), 148-162. Morgan, J. C. , & Lynn, M. R. (2007). Satisfaction in nursing in the context of shortage. Journal of Nursing Management, 17, 401-410. References Parsons, M. L. , & Cornett, P. A. (2005). A healthy emergency department workplace; the staff describe it. Topics in Emergency Medicine, 27(3), 198-205. Shirey, M. R. (2006). Authentic leaders creating healthy work environments for nursing practice. American Journal of Critical Care, 15(3), 256-267. Tomey, A. M. (2009). Nursing leadership and management effects work environments. Journal of Nursing Management, 17, 15-25. Ulrich, B. T. , Lavandero, R. , Hart, K. A. , Woods, D. , Leggett, J. , & Taylor, D. (2006). Critical care nurses’ work environments: a baseline status report. Critical Care Nurse, 26(5), 46-57. Vollers, D. , Hill, E. , Roberts, C. , Dambaugh, L. , & Brenner, Z. R. (2009). AACN’s healthy work environment standards and empowering nurse advancement system. Critical Care Nurse, 26(6), 20-27.

A Look At Murugappa Group Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1739 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Some of the well known Brands from the house of Murugappa are ; BSA and Hercules for bicycles , Ajax and ballmaster are known for abrasives , Parryware is a market leader in sanitaryware , gromor and framos are known for fertilizers .One of their product , neem Azal (made from neem) is a market leader in bio-fertilizers . they have some very high profile international tie ups like ; Morgan Crucibles of the UK , Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance of Japan , Wendt of Germany and BorgWarner of the USA . There 8 companies are listed on Bombay stock exchange and national stock exchange and are frequently traded . they also have 43 patents on there name for production innovation. It also has been at the forefront of safety in all the manufacturing facilities, promoting awareness and caring for the Health of its employees and protecting the environment. Almost all the manufacturing facilities of the group companies have been awarded the highest and contemporary certifications for Quality and Environment protection. Because of absence of consolidated financial data for the whole group and its 8 listed companies ,therefore to understand the financial history of the group we will focus on the flagship company of the group , which is Tube investments of India Limited . Tube Investments : Tube investments is the flagship company of the murugappa group with a contribution of Rs. 2440 crores towards the revenue of the group . TI was setup in year 1949 .they were indias first integrated biccle manufacturers of that time . TI has business of : bicycles and electri scooters , Engineering business, metal forming business. From plain steel tubes they have emerged as a primary point of reference for precision tubular solutions in the automotive industry . now foray in power transmission , mobility and infrastructure also , automotive and industrial chains . FINANCIAL REVIEW Profits Profitability With largely stable price of commodities, steel and o il, the strong focus on improving operating efficiencies, control overcosts and a good product mix, the overall performance of allthe segments of the Company was very good. The earnings before Interest, Tax, Depreciation Amortisation beforeexceptional items grew from Rs. 124 Crores to Rs. 265 Crores,a growth of 114%. The Company has also improved itsoperating EBITDA margin from 5.7% to 11.3%.Capital ExpenditureIn keeping with its policy of pursuing and investing in longterm growth opportunities, the Company invested inestablishing green field facilities for manufacture of productscatering to the requirements of the Railways. A new facilityfor manufacture of doorframes is also being established atSanand, Gujarat. Apart from these facilities, the Companycontinued to invest in equipment for modernisation,enhancing productivity and improving quality. The totalinvestment in capital assets was Rs. 83 Crores. Depreciationon the assets of the Company is provided based on theirestimated use ful life, leading to a higher charge towardsdepreciation in the case of some assets of the Company.AcquisitionDuring the financial year, the Company acquired a majoritystake in the Sedis Group, manufacturers of industrial chainsin France, by acquiring 77.13% stake in Financiere C10 S.A.S(FC10) with an agreement to buy the balance shares within aperiod of three years. The cost of acquisition of the 77.13%stake was Rs. 43.6 Crores. FC10 specialises in themanufacture of customised chains for a variety of industrialuses. FC10 possesses five global patents and has a veryimpressive list of customers. The management team at FC10is very capable and experienced and have steered thecompany profitably through turbulent times in the recent past.The acquisition will provide the Companys chains businesswith access to new technologies to manufacture productsthat are currently being imported into India. In addition, thebusiness will also be able to enhance its presence in theEuropean market by leve raging the Sedis brand and itsdistribution network. Interest CostOn the back of a good performance by all the segments ofthe Company, the cash generated helped to keep theborrowings lower and consequently, the interest cost for the year was contained at around the same level as last year.The average rate of interest for the year was at 6.6% against7.3% in the previous year. As in the previous years, theCompany uses a judicious mix of long and short term funds,domestic and foreign currency borrowings and appropriatetenors to ensure the interest cost is kept at the lowest.Exchange Differences on International Trade BorrowingsThe Company has entered into forward contracts andderivatives to hedge the foreign exchange fluctuation riskarising out of exports and repayment of long term foreigncurrency borrowings.From the year 2007-08, the Company opted to account suchexposures in line with the method prescribed in AccountingStandard 30 (AS 30). Applying the criteria laid down for Hed geAccounting, an amount of Rs. 2.8 Crores has been chargedto the Profit Loss Account and a sum of Rs.4.4 Crores hasbeen taken to the Hedge Accounting Reserve. The amountin the Reserve account will be reversed when the transactionoccurs and the actual loss / gain is accounted.InvestmentsThe Company invested Rs.92.5 Crores in the rights issues ofCMSGICL. This investment will enhance the capital of the subsidiary and put it on a sound footing to grow its businessfurther.During the year, a wholly owned subsidiary was establishedin China to facilitate the operation of the e-scooters andbicycles business. The value of the investment made wasRs.1.85 Crores.The Company also acquired FC 10 in France for aconsideration of Rs. 43.6 Crores for the 77.13% holding.Subsequent to the close of the financial year, the stake ofDBS Bank Ltd, Singapore (DBS) in Cholamandalam DBSFinance Ltd (CDFL) was purchased by the Murugappa Group.Accordingly, the Company acquired 1,75,82,000 equity sharesof CDFL for a consideration of Rs. 160 Crores from DBS.Consequent to this acquisition, CDFL has become asubsidiary of the Company. The Company will also beacquiring the 1% Fully Convertible Cumulative Preference Shares issued by CDFL and currently held by New AmbadiEstates Pvt. Ltd. Having exited the personal loan businessand focusing on its core strengths of vehicle financing andhome equity, the business is expected to perform well in theyears ahead.The operations of Tubular Precision Products (Suzhou)Company Ltd were not profitable. Considering the difficultmarket conditions and the time it would take to reach thedesired profitability benchmarks of the Company, it was decided to liquidate the subsidiary. The liquidation processcommenced in December 2009 and concluded by March2010. The loss on the liquidation of the subsidiary wasRs. 39.95 Crores and this has been fully absorbed in theaccounts for the current financial year. The assets of the company will be relocated to the vario us plants in India tomeet the higher demand from these plants.TII Shareholding TrustArising out of the amalgamation of TIDC India Ltd (TIDC) with the Company in 2004, the TII Shareholding Trust was vestedwith 1,01,51,870 shares of the Company. Out of this,57,50,000 shares were sold in 2007-08. The balance sharesare to be disposed of before December 2010. Review of Performance The highlight of the year was the improved performance by all the business segments of the Company. Good growth in volume, largely stable prices with respect to key raw materials and focus on operating efficiencies enabled the Company to report a higher Profit before Tax at Rs.129.50 Crores against Rs. 83.02 Crores, last year, a growth of 56%. The Profit reported above is after providing Rs.39.95 Crores towards diminution in value of investments and other amounts receivable relating to the Companys subsidiary viz., Tubular Precision Products (Suzhou) Co Ltd. The operating pro fit excluding the said provision grew by 366% over the previous year. The Bicycles divisions turnover grew by 31% and the division reported a profit before interest and tax of Rs. 68.72 Crores against Rs. 29.17 Crores in the previous year. A significant growth in volume, good product mix and higher sales through the retail formats pioneered by the Company contributed to this performance. As many as 79 new models were introduced catering to the various customer segments based on consumer insights and feedback and these products have met with very good response from the market. The division continues its focused marketing efforts across all segments, from toddlers to the high-end performance bicycles, for the discerning bicycle enthusiast. The electric scooters launched by the Company last year have gained market acceptance garnering a good market share in the southern part of the country. The division has been working on improving th e performance of motors, controller and battery in line with the expectations of the consumers. The Engineering division of the Company grew its tubes business by 20% in volume terms and 5% in turnover. A significant part of the growth came through the higher sale of the value added tubes and tubular components. The profit before interest and tax grew by 415% from Rs. 16.54 Crores to Rs.85.10 Crores. This was achieved through higher volume, good product mix, focus on internal efficiencies and better utilisation of resources. The export market was affected due to the recession and consequently, exports were down by 12%. Your Company is also pursuing growth opportunities in new segments linked with the infrastructure industries that offer higher potential; this will help de-risk the revenue streams in the coming years. In the Metal Formed Products division, there was a double digit growth in volume of all segments, excluding export of industrial chain which continues to be affected by the recession. With an improvement in the sale of new models and growth in the existing models, the sale of car doorframes was higher at 31%. The new facility for manufacture of doorframes at Sanand, Gujarat is nearing completion and is expected to be commissioned in the first quarter of this financial year. In the Railways segment, there was an increase of 49% on the sale of cold rolled formed sections for wagons. The new facility at Uttarakhand for manufacture of these sections was commissioned during the year and this will help your Company to increase revenue in the current year. The facility for manufacture of side wall, end wall and roof assemblies for passenger coaches at the plant near Chennai has been commissioned and the output of this facility will contribute to the growth of this division from this financial year. During the year under review, the sale of automotive chains increased by 53%. This was possible due to the increased off-take by major customers on the back of growth in the industry. The facility established at Uttarakhand for manufacture of chains is functioning at full capacity and given the growth trends; there is a need to pursue expansion of capacities at all the plants. Management Discussion and Analysis The Management Discussion and Analysis Report, which forms part of this Annual Report, sets out an analysis of the individual businesses including the industry scenario, performance, financial analysis, investments and risk mitigation. Dividend Your Directors are pleased to recommend a dividend of Rs.1.50 per equity share of Rs.2 each. MURUGAPPA GROUP FINANCIAL HISTORY PGDMB11-06 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Look At Murugappa Group Finance Essay" essay for you Create order