The HIPAA Privacy Standards Research Paper - 1375 Words

The HIPAA Privacy Standards (Research Paper Sample) Content: The HIPAA Privacy StandardsStudents NameInstitutionThe health insurance portability and accountability (HIPAA) act was enacted by the US congress accented to by Bill Clinton in 1996. The main aim of this insurance cover was to protect workers and families when they change or lose their job. Therefore, this research paper will focus on the enforcement of this Act so that it effectively benefits the United States citizens.There are certain procedures that an individual is required to follow such as HIPAA in order to get access own medical records from a covered entity. HIPAA in this case maintains health records of those people who are under its protection. If a covered individuals wants to access, his or her medical records there are laid down procedures to follow which are under the HIPAA privacy regulations. It is exceedingly clear that individuals under the cover access to medical records apply if only the information in the medical records is within the defined p rotected health information. Under the act, health information is extensively defined.However, consumers under the act have access to their health records if there is health to identify them individuals. Covered individuals under this HIPAA privacy regulation are required to abide to stated deadlines for responding to requests for medical records. There are also established procedures to review denials of these requests. Protected health procedures are given in writing. In the sense of a denial to its access, an individual under the cover has a right to file a complaint with the health human services office of civil rights in the United States. Therefore, affections of individuals to access protected health information about them under the HIPAA privacy rule (/ocr/privacy/, 2012).In case, an individual feels that his or someone else rights were violated they have a right to file a complaint with the health rights department. The complaints go direct to this department where they inv estigate it against a number of different entities. These entities include the following, pharmacy chain, outstanding medical centers, hospital chains, group of health plans and small offices providers. The complaints must meet the following. Filled in writing, bear the name of a covered entity as well as descriptions of the acts believed to have been violated. Finally, it should be filled within a span of 180 days although with a good cause the deadline can extendIn case of a breach of unsecured protected health, information, notifications of such a breach has to be provided to the affected individuals by the covered entities. In addition, it is the business associates duty to notify covered entities of a breach occurrence. In such a case, individual notices are written by first class mail or Incase covered entity has a problem out of date contact it posts the notice in the home page of its website. Covered entities other times provide notice broadcast or serious prints in the resi ding areas of the affected individuals. Press release notifications are for affected individuals exceeding 500 people although the secretary of breaches has to notify first. Notification to the secretary has to be done by filling a breach report from the HHS web site and sending it electronically. These notices provide protection information and the steps the covered entity has taken to curb the problem.When OCR finds out that, evidence of violations it accepts a complaint for investigation. OCR then informs the covered entity whose name appears in the complaint form together with the person who filled it. These two parties are required to present information on the described problem and accident details. OCR may also request for information in order to get a clear underst... The HIPAA Privacy Standards Research Paper - 1375 Words The HIPAA Privacy Standards (Research Paper Sample) Content: The HIPAA Privacy StandardsStudents NameInstitutionThe health insurance portability and accountability (HIPAA) act was enacted by the US congress accented to by Bill Clinton in 1996. The main aim of this insurance cover was to protect workers and families when they change or lose their job. Therefore, this research paper will focus on the enforcement of this Act so that it effectively benefits the United States citizens.There are certain procedures that an individual is required to follow such as HIPAA in order to get access own medical records from a covered entity. HIPAA in this case maintains health records of those people who are under its protection. If a covered individuals wants to access, his or her medical records there are laid down procedures to follow which are under the HIPAA privacy regulations. It is exceedingly clear that individuals under the cover access to medical records apply if only the information in the medical records is within the defined p rotected health information. Under the act, health information is extensively defined.However, consumers under the act have access to their health records if there is health to identify them individuals. Covered individuals under this HIPAA privacy regulation are required to abide to stated deadlines for responding to requests for medical records. There are also established procedures to review denials of these requests. Protected health procedures are given in writing. In the sense of a denial to its access, an individual under the cover has a right to file a complaint with the health human services office of civil rights in the United States. Therefore, affections of individuals to access protected health information about them under the HIPAA privacy rule (/ocr/privacy/, 2012).In case, an individual feels that his or someone else rights were violated they have a right to file a complaint with the health rights department. The complaints go direct to this department where they inv estigate it against a number of different entities. These entities include the following, pharmacy chain, outstanding medical centers, hospital chains, group of health plans and small offices providers. The complaints must meet the following. Filled in writing, bear the name of a covered entity as well as descriptions of the acts believed to have been violated. Finally, it should be filled within a span of 180 days although with a good cause the deadline can extendIn case of a breach of unsecured protected health, information, notifications of such a breach has to be provided to the affected individuals by the covered entities. In addition, it is the business associates duty to notify covered entities of a breach occurrence. In such a case, individual notices are written by first class mail or Incase covered entity has a problem out of date contact it posts the notice in the home page of its website. Covered entities other times provide notice broadcast or serious prints in the resi ding areas of the affected individuals. Press release notifications are for affected individuals exceeding 500 people although the secretary of breaches has to notify first. Notification to the secretary has to be done by filling a breach report from the HHS web site and sending it electronically. These notices provide protection information and the steps the covered entity has taken to curb the problem.When OCR finds out that, evidence of violations it accepts a complaint for investigation. OCR then informs the covered entity whose name appears in the complaint form together with the person who filled it. These two parties are required to present information on the described problem and accident details. OCR may also request for information in order to get a clear underst...

Freedom From Disturbance, Quiet And Tranquility - 1345 Words

Peace Commonwealth Essay Dominic Jackson Peace. In these troubled times it seems that the only things to look back on are demonstrations of either conflict, progress or both, and the only thing to hope for is peace. Defined by the vastly clichà ©d Oxford Dictionary as â€Å"freedom from disturbance; quiet and tranquility†, peace’ has become taboo in our modern culture, as if the uttering of the word is naive and childish, which, for the more cynical among us, it is. Though we are in an age unparalleled by any other in terms of health, education, human rights, and general safety, media output has increased dramatically to cover the (relatively few) incidents that occur, and with telecommunications at an incredibly advanced state, news sure†¦show more content†¦Almost all progress is caused by conflict!† And they are absolutely right. Even in more recent times, war has uncovered amazing advancements, like the more portable and sophisticated X-Ray machines, which have saved many lives, or the humb le Twinkie. There are many more examples. However, the fact is that we have advanced beyond the point where fear is the main driving point for innovation, and have advanced into an era of curiosity. Experts from around the globe have collaborated many times to work towards a specific goal. So we are at a point where scientists, architects, engineers, and others can collaborate under the name of progress. So we have reached a turning point where war no longer pushes progress, but progress consolidates peace. The factual side of the world can unite us, but what of the fictional? Known by many names, including; â€Å"truth†, â€Å"gobbledygook†, and â€Å"plausibility†, religion is a subject that often comes under fire during conversations of peace, as history provides instances of wars due to religious differences. As shown above, however, history doesn t necessarily define the present. Religion has the power to unify people, to create common rules which dictate what is right or wrong, and to extinguish arguments with â€Å"divine† reasoning. Religion is often proclaimed the true peacekeeper, and why not? After all, theism allowed humans to band together in their nomadic days, which allowed them to hunt larger game,Show MoreRelatedVietnam War : The Unwinnable War1762 Words   |  8 Pagesdictionary has numerous definitions. For example, â€Å" a state of tranquility or quiet†, â€Å"freedom from civil disturbance†, â€Å"a state of security or order within a community provided for by law or custom†, â€Å"freedom from disquieting or oppressive thoughts or emotions†, etc. One would think that with victory comes peace since there is an end to war and fighting. However, just because fighting comes to a close doesn’t mean that there still isn’t disturbances or that there is successful order. When nations end warRead MoreChanging Characteristics of Poetry from Modern to Romantics3272 Words   |  14 Pages Topic: Changing characteristics of poetry from Romantics to Modern Abstract: The characteristics of poetry changed with the changing of eras and literary periods. Romantics have their own features and writing style. Nature and beauty play very important role in Romantic poetry. Victorian poetry is different from Romantics because its themes are about Victorian age, which is influenced by democracy, evolutionary sciencesRead MoreImportance of Peace and Order Law in the Development of the Country4337 Words   |  18 Pagesrefers to an environment that is characterized by healthy interpersonal and international relationships, acknowledgment of equality and fairness. A. Background of the Study From the Latin pax, meaning freedom from civil disorder, the English word came into use in various personal greetings from c.1300 as a translation of the Hebrew shalom. Such a translation is, however, imprecise, as shalom, which is also cognate with the Arabic salaam, has multiple other meanings in additionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval

Impact Of Globalization On The Global Economy - 1355 Words

Globalization is interpreted in a variety of different ways. One way is that it introduces opportunities which further develops regions to progress and prosper in the global economy. In many cases globalization means the shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. The world is moving away from self-contained national economies and toward an interdependent, integrated global economy. There is an insurmountable amount of ways to impact globalization but some include trade, people movement, communication and technology. In all cases, globalization increases the connectivity between cultures and nations, which helps accelerate advancements in society. Also, in a business tense, globalization leads to the creation of global customers as well as connecting the global market together. Many people ask the question, â€Å"is it possible to have a compatibility of profits with people and planet?† To answer this question, yes it is possible, but in order to do so com panies need a goal of sustainability. Three factors lead to sustainability. People, planet and profit. All of these rely on fair business practices and beneficial environment practices. In order for a company reach sustainability, they will need to restructure the framework to a more sufficient one. This will allow people, planet, and profit to co-exist with one another and allow the company to prosper. This is a major thought for multinational companies to consider when they set up international operations.Show MoreRelatedImpact Of Globalization On The Global Economy1803 Words   |  8 Pagesinvestments and production in the global market. The development of Technology through the industrial revolution, is one the most significant factors behind globalisation. Globalisations removes the limits to business, the trade of goods and services worldwide. This allows business cooperation’s to expand in foreign markets. Global trade is a powerful force that has been made possible t hrough the process of globalisation, and has opened up the gates to the global economy. There are many advantages andRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Global Economy1452 Words   |  6 PagesMany goods and services have increased, because of worldwide trading throughout the past years. Australia is linked into the global economy due to exchanges being made between nations and technology being better than ever, as it is quicker, faster and easier to communicate with potential customers. These are just some of the reasons why Australia is linked in to the global economy. Globalisation over the past 30 years Globalisation has changed over the past 30 years due to changes made between technologyRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On The Global Economy1107 Words   |  5 Pagesglobalisation indicates that the world development may be more sustainable. †¢ Political relations and the global environmental have become successfully intertwined, an increase in the global economic incorporation (Martens and Raza, 2016). Globalisation has resulted in: †¢ increased international trade †¢ a company operating in more than one country †¢ greater dependence on the global economy †¢ freer movement of capital, goods, and services †¢ recognition of companies such as McDonalds and StarbucksRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Global Economy2029 Words   |  9 PagesOver the last number of years, it could be said that the growth in the global economy has increased a vast amount and is rapidly continuing in this direction. The world as we know it is now becoming progressively more connected through a process called Globalisation. Grossman and Helpman (1993) say that there are two main trends too which are key contributors that help make up this process of globalisation. The first of these being the advancement in technology innovations and secondly followingRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Organizations At The Global Economy1351 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The impact of globalization has largely affected the way organizations operate in the global economy over the past years. We moved form an era of local competition to an era of global competition, meaning that companies need to constantly innovate and find new ways to sustain competitive advantage. Internal and external forces in the environment have driven HRM from a maintenance and record-keeping function to a source of sustained competitive advantage for organizations competingRead MoreGlobalization : A World Wide Movement Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization is a phenomenon, a world wide movement where nations and communities come together and form a network. Throughout the course we explored the integration and interdependence of various nations, which ultimately shapes world affairs on a global level.Evidently, growth of the developing countries is the main cause of globalization and it brings both opportunities and disadvantages to them. There are numerous ways in which globalization has impacted the world today.The course also createdRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Global Integration1476 Words   |  6 PagesGLOBAL INTEGRATION: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Globalization is the process by which different societies, cultures, and regional economies integrate through a worldwide network of political ideas through transportation, communication, and trade. Generally, globalization has affected many nations in various ways; economically, politically, and socially. It is a term that refers to the fast integration and interdependence of various nations, which shapes the world affairs on a global level. GlobalizationRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on International Business Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pages............3 What is Globalization....................................................4 The engines for Globalizations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Globalization’s impacts on international business†¦..7 The road ahead for international business†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Introduction Every day we hear it on the news, read it in the papers, overhear people talking about it†¦ and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a differentRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Globalization on South Africa767 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is the shrinking of the world and the increased consciousness of the world as a whole. It is a term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that is a result of dramatically increased cross-border trade, investment, and cultural exchange. Globalization has been dominated by the nation-state, national economies, and national cultural identities. The new form of globalization is an interconnected world and global mass culture, often referred to as a global villageRead MoreGlobalization : The World Of Politics And The Human Population1648 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization influences many aspects of human life, it is a process of change, the process of collaboration and integration am ong the people and businesses of different nations, it is a process propelled by trade, investment and technology. The process of globalization has great purpose for bring people together and sharing ideas however, it has effects on the environment, culture, the economy, politics and the human population (Globalization 101). Globalization has effected the environment due

Significant Life Events - Solution is Just a Click Away

Questions: 1.1 Explain the impact of significant life events on individuals? 1.2 Analyse possible group responses to significant life events that occur to one of its members? 1.3 Analyse the impact for others in health and social care when an individual experiences significant life event? 2.1 Evaluate the effectiveness of organisational policies and procedures in supporting indviduals and their social networks affected by significant life events? 2.2 Explain how others in social networks may provide support to individuals experienceing significant life events? Does The Intricacy of The Topic Intimidate You? Tame Your Fear with Unmatched Assignment Help Services from Professional Writers. 2.3 Evaluate the suitability of external sources of support for those affected by significant life events? 3.1 Analyse possible organisational responses to the need to support individuals experiencing a significant life event? 3.2 Reflect on own personal contributions to the support of individuals experienceing significant life events? 3.3 Make recommendations for improving tge support available in a health and social care organisation for individuals and their social networks when affected by significant life events? Answers: 1.1: Impact of Significant Life events on individuals Life events can be considered as changes that occur in the life of an individual in a sudden and sometimes in an abrupt manner for which the individual may not have been ready and thus may take some time to deal with it(Cook, 2006). But it is not compulsory that a life event has to be bad and therefore have negative effects on a particular individual. A significant life event can be a positive one too where the individual in whos life the particular event occurs may be positively influenced by the event altogether. Thus in this context some life events can be desirable while others may not be desirable. Therefore, different events can have different type of impact on the person and can be understood and explained in various ways. The classification of life events are done on the basis of judging exactly how much stressful they are to one. This method had been attempted by Holmes and Rahe in the year 1967. On the basis of this model or type of classification, the life events can be cl assified or categorized into 40 different classes. For example, the passing away of a loved one is very undesirable and can end up having a very bad impact in an individuals life. This is a kind of negative life event and it has the potential of creating a lot of stress or tension in ones life(Eldredge, 1998). Another example of this type can be getting fired from the professional field and thus becoming jobless which would result in a great amount of tension in ones life. But, on the other hand, the life events like that of getting married, or being promoted, or having a baby is quite desirable and may have a very positive influence on ones life. Thus the overall impact of a life event on a specific individual is very much dependent on the type of life event taken under consideration and thus may vary from one to the other (Burton, Forsyth and Obel, 1989). 1.2: Analysis of Group Responses to Significant Life Events In case of a group responding to a life event that has happened in the life of one of its members, there are different responses to different life events (Buto, 2004). But it is but a common part of the behavior and response of the group, that the group always tries to support its member and tries to make the situation as normal as possible for him or her. In case of the undesirable life events, the group tries to empathize with the member is directly affected by this life event and the ways in which different undesirable events are treated is to be noted. For example, the group may conduct many different sessions to improve the mental or psychological state of the concerned person who is affected by it(Redfield, 2013). For example, if in case a person has lost a loved one that person may feel very lonely and vacant for the occurrence of such a life event and this vacancy is needed to be filled by the group. Moreover, they need to engage the affected person in different activities, so that he may be distracted for a while and with time therefore can return to the normal mode of life as soon as possible. Either one or more hobbies of the affected person is encouraged or the group in itself initiates some group activities which will help the affected person in one way or the other. One method or way that is adopted by the different groups is that of singing together. Since music already has a calming effect on the mind of a person, so this way is quite helpful for those who need to come out of a really stressful period in their life(Podany, 2003). But at the same time there are many other different ways which can be taken up by the group in order to aid or help one of its members who is being negatively affected by the life event to come out of it in a smooth and easy way. On the other hand, in case of the desirable life events, the group responds in a very positive way and encourages and congratulates its member for entering into this much desirable phase of hi s or her life.Getting married and having a baby are the life events which will fall in this particular category. 1.3: Impact on Others in Health and Social Care The impact on the other people present in the Health and Social Care organization can be different from one another on the basis of the type of the life event that one is undergoing (Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?, 2008). But the workers being of responsible in nature tend to give importance to such factors and thus help out the other individual in each and every way that they can. In such an organization, the other members try to find ways in which they can help out an individual as the needs and requirements of one individual differs from the other(Coty, 2011). Thus the main factor actually lies in understanding an individual. Only if a person is able to understand the other person in a proper way, he or she will be able to help and aid the other individual who is going through a significant life event. 3.1: Analysis of Organizational Responses to the need to Support Individuals Different organizations where a particular individual facing a significant life event need to be more concerned about supporting the individual under each and every situation (Golemon, 2006). A general awareness needs to be created regarding the need of having to support the individuals in an organization who are going through some life events in their life. Since an individual has the tendency of losing out on the normal balance in their lives, thus it is required for the people around him to support him in the way that is required by him. This will aid the person in getting back to his normal life and thus he can work in a better way too(Cranwell-Ward Abbey, 2005). For example, if a person is suffering because of the occurrence of an utterly undesirable life experience, then he must be very stressed out and would not have the mental strength to cope up with his emotional breakdown and the pressure of his professional field at the same time(Norgaard, 2011). Thus as a result of it, the performance and the productivity of the individual will keep on detoriating and this will eventually be reflected in a recurrent way in his own work. The individual will not be able to work in a proper way as long as he is not back in his normal life where he can balance out everything. This is what the organization needs to understand and thereby support the individual in the needed manner (Tidd and Hull, 2003). In cases of desirable life events too, the individual is in need of the support of his organization. For example, if a lady is pregnant this is a very desirable event but the organization needs to support her by giving the required leaves so that she can do her work in a better way without any physical discomfort or other distractions (Kronenfeld, 2010). 3.2: Reflection on Personal Contribution In my case, I have always tried to be there in a proper way beside those who are experiencing any kind of significant life event in their life. One of my very close friends had gone through a very bad phase in his life after he lost his mother in a car accident (McIntosh, 2007). He was very close to his mother and thus her passing away in such a sudden and tragic manner had shaken him up in a very bad way. He had felt lost and there was a point of time when he did not even want to continue with his own life. This is the time when I knew that he had to be made to come out of this depression that he had gone into. So I tried to cheer him up and encourage him in looking at life from a different perspective altogether (Starr, 1982). I would take him out to a lot of seminars on spirituality and awakening of the soul so that he could feel a bit less attached to anything earthly and thus find a sense of fluffiness within himself(Ainsworth, 2000). Since he was a fan of music I would listen t o various types of songs and keep him company as much as I could. This had a positive effect in his life but he was still a bit aloof from everybody and that is how he likes it. Then I took him to a trip of trekking as he had always wanted to go. All these eventually helped him to come out of his deep depression and thereby get on with his life eventually. The loss of his mother may never be fulfilled but he knew how to be strong and move on (McVea, Gow and Lowe, 2011). This has been a learning experience for me too and I have a better understanding of how to deal with myself as well as any other individual who is going through a significant event in his own life. 3.3: Recommendations More than any technical training or other similar learning experience, what is really required is a sense of humanity and a fellow feeling for the people around. This will serve to help others in a much better way and thus aid and support them in the way that is actually required(Harper, 2007). But to apply this in a more professional way, one can be given the required training to understand the ways in which different situations are to be dealt with. Thus if professionals and experts on this field lend their knowledge to the common workers of the health and social care organization, then it would be a bit easy on their part to contribute to the life of other individuals in an effective manner who are facing some crisis in their life due to the occurrence of a significant life event (Moreno, Fuhriman and Hileman, 1995). The training program needs to be such so that the methods and techniques shown to the workers can be executed and applied in the practical field as well rather than j ust bordering and bounding itself in theoretical field. It is of utmost importance as the way in which the life of an individual functions depends on it (Sim and McKee, 2011). References: Ainsworth, P. (2000). Understanding depression. Jackson, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi. Cook, R. (2006). Crisis. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. Coty, D. (2011). Too blessed to be stressed. Uhrichsville, Ohio: Barbour Publishing. Cranwell-Ward, J., Abbey, A. (2005).Organizational stress.Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Eldredge, N. (1998). Life in the balance. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Harper, J. (2007).Chairing the board. London: Kogan Page. Norgaard, K. (2011). Living in denial. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Podany, S. (2003).Life in the fast lane. Newport Beach, CA: Energy Pub. Redfield, P. (2013). Life in crisis. Berkeley: University of California Press. Burton, R., Forsyth, J. and Obel, B. (1989). Organizational responses to the new business conditions. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Buto, K. (2004). Strengthening community. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Social Insurance. Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?. (2008). Journal of Adolescent Health, 42(3), p.309. Golemon, D. (2006). Event. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. Kronenfeld, J. (2010). The impact of demographics on health and health care. Bingley, UK: Emerald. McIntosh, I. (2007). Learning from analysis of significant events. Independent Nurse, 2007(2). McVea, C., Gow, K. and Lowe, R. (2011). Corrective interpersonal experience in psychodrama group therapy: A comprehensive process analysis of significant therapeutic events. Psychotherapy Research, 21(4), pp.416-429. Moreno, J., Fuhriman, A. and Hileman, E. (1995). Significant events in a psychodynamic psychotherapy group for eating disorders. Group, 19(1), pp.56-62. Sim, F. and McKee, M. (2011). Issues in public health. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill/Open University Press. Starr, H. (1982). Thrilling events. College Station, Tex.: Creative Pub. Co. Tidd, J. and Hull, F. (2003). Service innovation. London: Imperial College Press.